been employed in

1) (take on) einstellen; (have working for one) beschäftigen

2) (use services of)

3) (use) einsetzen (for, in, on für); anwenden [Methode, List] (for, in, on bei)

* * *

1) (to give (especially paid) work to: He employs three typists; She is employed as a teacher.) beschäftigen, anstellen

2) (to occupy the time or attention of: She was busily employed (in) writing letters.) beschäftigen

3) (to make use of: You should employ your time better.) verwenden

•

- academic.ru/100078/employed">employed

* * *

[ɪmˈplɔɪ, AM emˈ-]

I. vt

1. (pay to do work)

▪ to \employ sb [as sth] jdn [als etw akk] beschäftigen; (take into service) jdn [als etw akk] einstellen [o anstellen]

they \employ twenty staff sie haben zwanzig Angestellte

she's \employed as an editor with PONS sie arbeitet als Redakteurin bei PONS

to be \employed with a company bei einer Firma arbeiten

▪ to \employ sb to do sth jdn beauftragen [o engagieren], etw zu tun

2. ( fig)

▪ to \employ sth (put to use) etw einsetzen; (use) etw anwenden

to \employ one's intellect seinen Verstand gebrauchen

to \employ one's time seine Zeit nutzen

▪ to \employ oneself in [or with] doing sth damit beschäftigt sein, etw zu tun

II. n no pl ( form or dated) Beschäftigung f

▪ to be in the \employ of sb [or in sb's \employ] bei jdm beschäftigt sein

* * *

1. vt

1) person beschäftigen; (= take on) anstellen; private detective beauftragen

2) (= use) means, method, tactics, skill, force, cunning anwenden, einsetzen; word, concept verwenden; time verbringen

3)

2. n

* * *

employ [ımˈplɔı]

A v/t

1. jemanden beschäftigen (as als):

2. jemanden an-, einstellen

3. an-, verwenden, gebrauchen:

employ force Gewalt anwenden;

employ sb’s services jemandes Dienste in Anspruch nehmen

4. (in) Energie etc widmen (dat), Zeit verbringen (mit):

employ all one’s energies in sth einer Sache seine ganze Kraft widmen;

be employed in doing sth damit beschäftigt sein, etwas zu tun

5. employ a lot of time viel Zeit kosten

B s Dienst(e) m(pl), Beschäftigung(sverhältnis) f(n):

in employ beschäftigt;

out of employ ohne Beschäftigung, stellen-, arbeitslos;

be in sb’s employ in jemandes Dienst(en) stehen, bei jemandem beschäftigt oder angestellt sein

* * *

1) (take on) einstellen; (have working for one) beschäftigen

2) (use services of)

3) (use) einsetzen (for, in, on für); anwenden [Methode, List] (for, in, on bei)

* * *

Personal einstellen ausdr.

anstellen v.

anwenden v.

beschäftigen v.

engagieren v.

verwenden v.

1)

а) держать на службе, иметь в штате

б) предоставлять работу; нанимать

2)

а) употреблять, применять, использовать

б) использовать, занимать (чьё-л. время и т. п.)

1) служба (как состояние обладания работой, в отличие от статуса безработного)

2) уст. работа, занятие

semicircular arch

* * *

(n.) = round arch

Ex. Other shapes work work as well as the semicircle for an arch: pointed arches, segmental arches, round arches, corbelled arches and elliptical arches are just a few of the shapes that have been employed.

* * *

* * *

round arch

(n.) = segmental arch

Ex. Other shapes work work as well as the semicircle for an arch: pointed arches, segmental arches, round arches, corbelled arches and elliptical arches are just a few of the shapes that have been employed.

* * *

(n.) = elliptical arch

Ex. Other shapes work work as well as the semicircle for an arch: pointed arches, segmental arches, round arches, corbelled arches and elliptical arches are just a few of the shapes that have been employed.

* * *

(n.) = corbelled arch

Ex. Other shapes work work as well as the semicircle for an arch: pointed arches, segmental arches, round arches, corbelled arches and elliptical arches are just a few of the shapes that have been employed.

* * *

segmental arch.

* * *

(n.) = segmental arch

Ex. Other shapes work work as well as the semicircle for an arch: pointed arches, segmental arches, round arches, corbelled arches and elliptical arches are just a few of the shapes that have been employed.

* * *

ogival arch, pointed arch, Gothic arch, ogive.

* * *

lancet arch, gothic arch, ogive

* * *

(n.) = pointed arch

Ex. Other shapes work work as well as the semicircle for an arch: pointed arches, segmental arches, round arches, corbelled arches and elliptical arches are just a few of the shapes that have been employed.

* * *

* * *

gothic arch

basket-handle arch, segmental arch.

* * *

(n.) = segmental arch

Ex. Other shapes work work as well as the semicircle for an arch: pointed arches, segmental arches, round arches, corbelled arches and elliptical arches are just a few of the shapes that have been employed.

* * *

(n.) = mailbox

Ex. Anthony read the handwritten note he found in his mailbox from the principal of the high school at which he had been employed as head of the school media program for one month.

* * *

1 set of pigeonholes (forniture).

2 pigeonhole (casilla).

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 pigeonholes plural

* * *

1) [para cartas] [en oficina] pigeonholes pl, set of pigeonholes; [en oficina de correos] sorting rack

2) [para equipaje] luggage locker

3) (Ftbl) * scorer

* * *

a) ( mueble) set of pigeonholes; ( compartimento) pigeonhole

b) (CS) ( en formulario) box

c) (Ven) ( buzón) mailbox (AmE), letterbox (BrE)

* * *

= mailbox, pigeonhole [pigeon hole], inbox [in-box].

Nota: Espacio que suele existir en las secretarías y en el correo electrónico para colocar los documentos que llegan, mientras que los documentos listos para enviar se colocan en el casillero de salida outbox.

Ex. Anthony read the handwritten note he found in his mailbox from the principal of the high school at which he had been employed as head of the school media program for one month.

Ex. If we imagine headings to be a succession of labelled pigeon holes each carrying documents or records of documents then the contents and labels should match.

Ex. In the beginning, access to research literature of medicine was by-word-of-mouth or by glancing through the journals in one's inbox.

----

* casillero de entrada = inbox [in-box].

* * *

a) ( mueble) set of pigeonholes; ( compartimento) pigeonhole

b) (CS) ( en formulario) box

c) (Ven) ( buzón) mailbox (AmE), letterbox (BrE)

* * *

= mailbox, pigeonhole [pigeon hole], inbox [in-box].

Nota: Espacio que suele existir en las secretarías y en el correo electrónico para colocar los documentos que llegan, mientras que los documentos listos para enviar se colocan en el casillero de salida outbox.

* * *

1 (mueble) set of pigeonholes; (compartimento) pigeonhole

2 (CS) (en un formulario, documento) box

* * *

a) ( mueble) set of pigeonholes;

b) (CS) ( en formulario) box

* * *

casillero nm

1. [mueble] set of pigeonholes

2. [casilla] pigeonhole

3. [marcador] scoreboard

4. [en formulario] box

* * *

m mueble pigeonholes pl

(adj.) = handwritten [hand-written], in black and white, in handwriting, longhand [long-hand]

Ex. Anthony read the handwritten note he found in his mailbox from the principal of the high school at which he had been employed as head of the school media program for one month.

Ex. Despite continued assurances about the arrival of the paperless society, it remains a fact that most people want to see information down in black and white.

Ex. The spreads are 'printed' in handwriting as neat as the authors can manage; drawings are done, full-color crayon or felt-tip splendour.

Ex. On this are placed longhand notes, photographs, memoranda, all sorts of things.

* * *

employ [ɪm'plɔɪ]

1 transitive verb

(a) (give work to) employer;

∎ they employ 245 staff ils ont 245 employés;

∎ to employ sb as a receptionist employer qn comme réceptionniste;

∎ he has been employed with the firm for twenty years il travaille pour cette entreprise depuis vingt ans

(b) (use → means, method, word) employer, utiliser; (→ skill, diplomacy) faire usage de, employer; (→ force) employer, avoir recours à

(c) (occupy)

∎ to employ oneself/to be employed in doing sth s'occuper/être occupé à faire qch;

∎ you'd be better employed doing your homework tu ferais mieux de faire tes devoirs;

∎ have you no better way of employing your time? tu n'as rien de mieux à faire?

2 noun

formal service m;

∎ to be in sb's employ travailler pour qn, être au service de qn;

∎ to have sb in one's employ employer qn, avoir qn à son service

   Although armed force has been a major factor in the development of the Portuguese nation-state, a standing army did not exist until after the War of Restoration (1641-48). During the 18th century, Portugal's small army was drawn into many European wars. In 1811, a combined Anglo-Portuguese army drove the French army of Napoleon out of the country. After Germany declared war on Portugal in March 1916, two Portuguese divisions were conscripted and sent to France, where they sustained heavy casualties at the Battle of Lys in April 1918. As Portugal and Spain were neutral in World War II, the Portuguese Army cooperated with the Spanish army to defend Iberian neutrality. In 1949, Portugal became a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). When the nationalist quest for independence began in Portugal's colonies in Africa ( Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea- Bissau) in the 1960s, the military effort (1961-74) to suppress the nationalists resulted in an expansion of the Portuguese armed forces to about 250,000.

   Since the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the number of personnel on active duty in the army, navy, and air force has been greatly reduced (43,200 in 2007) and given a more direct role in NATO. New NATO commitments led to the organization of the Brigada Mista Independente (Independent Composite Brigade), later converted into the Brigada Aero-Transportada. (Air-Transported Brigade) to be used in the defense of Europe's southern flank. The Portuguese air force and navy are responsible for the defense of the Azores-Madeira-Portugal strategic triangle.

   Chronic military intervention in Portuguese political life began in the 19th century. These interventions usually began with revolts of the military ( pronunciamentos) in order to get rid of what were considered by the armed forces corrupt or incompetent civilian governments. The army overthrew the monarchy on the 5 October 1910 and established Portugal's First Republic. It overthrew the First Republic on 28 May 1926 and established a military dictatorship. The army returned to the barracks during the Estado Novo of Antônio de Oliveira Salazar. The armed forces once again returned to politics when the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) overthrew the Estado Novo on 25 April 1974. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the armed forces again played a major role in Portuguese politics through the Council of the Revolution, which was composed of the president of the Republic, Chiefs of the general staff, three service chiefs, and 14 MFA officers. The Council of the Revolution advised the president on the selection of the prime minister and could veto legislation.

   The subordination of the Portuguese armed forces to civilian authority began in 1982, when revisions to the Constitution abolished the Council of the Revolution and redefined the mission of the armed forces to that of safeguarding and defending the national territory. By the early 1990s, the political influence of Portugal armed force had waned and civilian control was reinforced with the National Defense Laws of 1991, which made the chief of the general staff of the armed forces directly responsible to the minister of defense, not the president of the republic, as had been the case previously. As the end of the Cold War had eliminated the threat of a Soviet invasion of western Europe, Portuguese armed forces continues to be scaled back and reorganized. Currently, the focus is on modernization to achieve high operational efficiency in certain areas such as air defense, naval patrols, and rapid-response capability in case of terrorist attack. Compulsory military service was ended in 2004. The Portuguese armed forces have been employed as United Nations peacekeepers in East Timor, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Lebanon.

1) предоставлять работу; нанимать на работу

2) применять, использовать, занимать

capacity ⇒ Capacity measurement n

1 ( ability to hold) (of box, bottle) contenance f ; ( of barrel) capacité f (of de) ; (of concert, theatre building) capacité f d'accueil ; ( of road) capacité f ; the theatre has a capacity of 500 le théâtre peut accueillir 500 personnes ; seating/storage capacity capacité d'accueil/de stockage ; the theatre was packed ou full to capacity le théâtre était comble ; to have a great capacity for alcohol hum avoir une bonne descente ○ ;

2 ( ability to produce) capacité f ; processing capacity capacité de traitement ; manufacturing ou production capacity capacité de production ; to operate at full capacity opérer au maximum de ses capacités ; the plant is stretched to capacity l'usine tourne au maximum de ses capacités ;

3 ( role) in my capacity as a doctor en ma qualité de médecin ; she was employed in an advisory/in a private capacity elle était employée à titre consultatif/à titre privé ; I have been employed in various capacities j'ai été employé à divers titres ;

4 ( ability) to have a capacity for avoir un don pour [learning, maths] ; a capacity for doing une aptitude à faire ; she has a great capacity for friendship/hard work elle a une grande aptitude à se faire des amis/bien travailler ; to have the capacity to do avoir les moyens de faire ; he has the capacity to do well il a les moyens de bien faire ; the task/exam is well within your capacities ce travail/examen est tout à fait à votre portée ;

5 Aut cylindrée f ;

6 Electron capacité f ;

7 Jur capacité f.

[im΄plɔi] n ծառայություն, զբաղմունք. be in the employ of մեկի մոտ ծառայել

[im΄plɔi] v գործածել, օգտագործել, կի րառել. employoneself զբաղվել. employ a new method նոր մեթոդ կիրառել. employ one’s time ժամանակը զբաղեցնել. (աշխատանք տալ, աշխա տեցնել) be employed by smb մեկի մոտ ծա ռա յել/աշխատել. How long have you been employed Որքա՞ն ժամանակ եք աշխատում. The factory employs 200 men Գործարանում զբաղված է 200 մարդ

director, directing.

1 director, leader, principal.

2 superintendent, manager, officer.

3 conductor, orchestra conductor.

4 warden.

5 headmaster, head teacher.

* * *

► adjetivo

1 directing, managing

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 director, manager

2 (de colegio - hombre) headmaster; (mujer) headmistress

3 (de universidad) rector

4 (de editorial) editor

5 (de cárcel) governor

6 (de orquesta) conductor

\

director,-ra de cine film director

director,-ra de escena stage manager

director espiritual father confessor

director,-ra gerente managing director

* * *

- director de orquesta

* * *

ADJ [consejo, junta] governing; [principio] guiding

2. SM / F

1) (=responsable) [de centro escolar] headteacher, headmaster/headmistress, principal; [de periódico, revista] editor; (Cine, TV) director; [de orquesta] conductor; [de hospital] manager, administrator; [de prisión] governor, warden (EEUU)

2) (Com) (=gerente) manager; [de mayor responsabilidad] director

* * *

- tora masculino, femenino

a) ( de escuela) (m) head teacher, principal (AmE), headmaster (BrE); (f) head teacher, principal (AmE), headmistress (BrE); (de periódico, revista) editor (in chief); ( de hospital) administrator; ( de prisión) warden (AmE), governor (BrE)

b) (Com) ( gerente) manager; ( miembro de junta directiva) director, executive

c) (Cin, Teatr) director

- director adjunto -tora adjunta

- director -tora de escena

- director -tora de orquesta

- director ejecutivo -tora ejecutiva

- director -tora general

- director -tora gerente

* * *

= chairman [chairmen, pl.], chairperson [chairpersons, -pl.], chief, chief librarian, director, head, manager [manageress, -fem.], headmaster, office manager, business manager, chair.

Ex. As head of a committee, and being recognized as such, it's perfectly all right with me if I'm called the chairman rather than the chairwoman.

Ex. Special thanks to the ISAD Program Planning Committee, in particular its chairperson, for the conceptual organization.

Ex. He subsequently served as chief of that Division, chief of the Serial Record Division, Assistant Director for Cataloging of the Processing Department, Director of the Processing Department, and Assistant Librarian of Processing Services.

Ex. The chief librarian or director of libraries, by which title the post is sometimes now known, will in general be fully occupied with making decisions on internal professional policy, committee work, and administration and management in the widest sense.

Ex. Hugh C, Atkinson, director of the University of Illinois Libraries, has consistently been in the forefront in applying automation to traditional library problems and services.

Ex. She began her career at Central Missouri State University where she was head of the Documents Depository.

Ex. Such hosts are more likely to be accessed by end-users such as economists and managers, than information workers.

Ex. The author played a large part in the successful establishment of the school library when her husband became headmaster = La autora desempeñó un gran papel en la creación de la biblioteca escolar cuando su esposo fue nombrado director.

Ex. This department is headed by a general office manager who has a staff of bookkeepers, billing clerks, comptrollers, and secretaries.

Ex. Watman wondered how the profession would react to the idea of a business manager instead of assistant.

Ex. Once elected, the chair is responsible for maintaining discipline and ensuring that all students are treated fairly.

----

* cargo de director = directorship.

* cartas al director = letter to the editor.

* Conferencia de Directores de Bibliotecas Nacionales (CDNL) = Conference of Directors of National Libraries (CDNL).

* directora conjunta = co-chairperson.

* director adjunto = assistant director, deputy director, joint director.

* director artístico = art director.

* director cinematográfico = film director.

* director comercial = marketing executive, chief commercial officer.

* director conjunto = co-chairperson.

* director de biblioteca = library director.

* director de cine = film director.

* director de curso = course leader.

* director de departamento = department head.

* director de empresa = company director.

* director de escuela = school principal.

* director de filial = branch head.

* director de finanzas = finance director.

* director de funeraria = funeral director, undertaker, mortician.

* director de la biblioteca = head librarian.

* director de marketing = marketing executive.

* director de museo = curator.

* director de operaciones = chief operating officer (COO), director for operations.

* director de orquesta = conductor.

* director de periódico = newspaper editor.

* director de pompas fúnebres = undertaker, funeral director, mortician.

* director de prisión = prison warden.

* director de tesis = PhD supervisor, dissertation adviser, dissertation supervisor, thesis supervisor, thesis adviser, research supervisor.

* director ejecutivo = executive director, executive officer, chief executive officer (CEO), managing director, chief executive.

* director ejecutivo de la gestión del conocimiento = knowledge executive.

* director, el = principal.

* director financiero = finance director, chief financial officer.

* director general = executive director, Director-General, executive officer, chief executive officer (CEO), chief executive, senior director.

* director principal = senior director.

* partichela de piano director, violín director, etc = piano/violin, etc. conductor part.

* subdirector = assistant director.

* * *

- tora masculino, femenino

a) ( de escuela) (m) head teacher, principal (AmE), headmaster (BrE); (f) head teacher, principal (AmE), headmistress (BrE); (de periódico, revista) editor (in chief); ( de hospital) administrator; ( de prisión) warden (AmE), governor (BrE)

b) (Com) ( gerente) manager; ( miembro de junta directiva) director, executive

c) (Cin, Teatr) director

- director adjunto -tora adjunta

- director -tora de escena

- director -tora de orquesta

- director ejecutivo -tora ejecutiva

- director -tora general

- director -tora gerente

* * *

el director

* * *

1 (de una escuela) ( masculine) head teacher, principal ( AmE), headmaster ( BrE); ( feminine) head teacher, principal ( AmE), headmistress ( BrE); (de un periódico, una revista) editor, editor in chief; (de un hospital) administrator; (de una prisión) warden ( AmE), governor ( BrE)

2 ( Com) (gerente) manager; (miembro de la junta directiva) director, executive

3 ( Cin, Teatr) director

masculine, feminine deputy director

masculine, feminine divisional director

masculine, feminine stage manager

masculine, feminine conductor

masculine, feminine sales manager o director

masculine, feminine executive director

masculine father confessor

masculine, feminine (de una empresa) general manager; (de un organismo oficial) director-general

masculine, feminine managing director

masculine, feminine ( AmL) head coach ( AmE), manager ( BrE)

* * *

◊ - tora sustantivo masculino, femenino

a) ( de escuela) (m) head teacher, principal (AmE), headmaster (BrE);

b) (Com) ( gerente) manager;

◊ director gerente managing director

c) (Cin, Teatr) director;

◊ director de orquesta conductor

* * *

director, -ora nm,f

1. [de empresa] director;

director comercial marketing manager;

director ejecutivo executive director;

director espiritual spiritual director;

director financiero finance o financial director, US chief financial officer;

director en funciones acting manager;

director general general manager;

director gerente managing director, chief executive, esp US chief executive officer;

director de recursos humanos human resources manager;

director técnico [en fútbol] director of football;

director de tesis supervisor;

director de ventas sales director o manager

2. [de obra artística] director

director de banda musical bandmaster;

director de cine movie o Br film director;

director de circo ringmaster;

director de escena producer, stage manager;

director de fotografía director of photography;

director musical musical director;

director de orquesta conductor

* * *

I adj leading

II m, directora f

1 de empresa manager

2 EDU principal, Br

head (teacher)

3 TEA, de película director

* * *

director, - tora n

1) : director, manager, head

2) : conductor (of an orchestra)

* * *

director n

1. (de cine) director

2. (de empresa, banco) manager

3. (de colegio) head / headteacher

Si es hombre se puede llamar headmaster y si es mujer, headmistress

4. (de periódico) editor

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

[br]

[br]

[br]

John Kay was the youngest of five sons of a yeoman farmer of Walmersley, near Bury, Lancashire, who died before his birth. John was apprenticed to a reedmaker, and just before he was 21 he married a daughter of John Hall of Bury and carried on his trade in that town until 1733. It is possible that his first patent, taken out in 1730, was connected with this business because it was for an engine that made mohair thread for tailors and twisted and dressed thread; such thread could have been used to bind up the reeds used in looms. He also improved the reeds by making them from metal instead of cane strips so they lasted much longer and could be made to be much finer. His next patent in 1733, was a double one. One part of it was for a batting machine to remove dust from wool by beating it with sticks, but the patent is better known for its description of the flying shuttle. Kay placed boxes to receive the shuttle at either end of the reed or sley. Across the open top of these boxes was a metal rod along which a picking peg could slide and drive the shuttle out across the loom. The pegs at each end were connected by strings to a stick that was held in the right hand of the weaver and which jerked the shuttle out of the box. The shuttle had wheels to make it "fly" across the warp more easily, and ran on a shuttle race to support and guide it. Not only was weaving speeded up, but the weaver could produce broader cloth without any aid from a second person. This invention was later adapted for the power loom. Kay moved to Colchester and entered into partnership with a baymaker named Solomon Smith and a year later was joined by William Carter of Ballingdon, Essex. His shuttle was received with considerable hostility in both Lancashire and Essex, but it was probably more his charge of 15 shillings a year for its use that roused the antagonism. From 1737 he was much involved with lawsuits to try and protect his patent, particularly the part that specified the method of winding the thread onto a fixed bobbin in the shuttle. In 1738 Kay patented a windmill for working pumps and an improved chain pump, but neither of these seems to have been successful. In 1745, with Joseph Stell of Keighley, he patented a narrow fabric loom that could be worked by power; this type may have been employed by Gartside in Manchester soon afterwards. It was probably through failure to protect his patent rights that Kay moved to France, where he arrived penniless in 1747. He went to the Dutch firm of Daniel Scalongne, woollen manufacturers, in Abbeville. The company helped him to apply for a French patent for his shuttle, but Kay wanted the exorbitant sum of £10,000. There was much discussion and eventually Kay set up a workshop in Paris, where he received a pension of 2,500 livres. However, he was to face the same problems as in England with weavers copying his shuttle without permission. In 1754 he produced two machines for making card clothing: one pierced holes in the leather, while the other cut and sharpened the wires. These were later improved by his son, Robert Kay. Kay returned to England briefly, but was back in France in 1758. He was involved with machines to card both cotton and wool and tried again to obtain support from the French Government. He was still involved with developing textile machines in 1779, when he was 75, but he must have died soon afterwards. As an inventor Kay was a genius of the first rank, but he was vain, obstinate and suspicious and was destitute of business qualities.

[br]

эк. связанная занятость* (понятие, которое обозначает переход работника по просьбе его компании на работу в другую компанию, которая не является дочерней или материнской компанией; такое изменение места работы означает сохранение в силе всех опционов на акции, которые были предоставлены работнику в качестве вознаграждения)